Bhikkhu (in pali) o bhikṣu (In Sanskrit) is the term used in Buddhism to designate a ordained monk. Literally, means “beggar” o “The one who lives from alms”. A bhikkhu is a person who has renounced lay life and embraced monastic discipline with the purpose of achieving enlightenment. (nirvana).
The life of a bhikkhu is guided by the Vinaya, the monastic code that establishes detailed rules of conduct, morality and practice. These rules, that vary between different Buddhist traditions, regulate aspects such as:
- The ethical purity (sila).
- The simple and detached life of material possessions.
- He respect towards the secular community (those who provide sustenance through offerings).
- The dedication to meditation, the study and teaching of Dharma.
The path to becoming a bhikkhu involves a process of ordination:
- Samanera (novice): The applicant adopts ten precepts and receives basic training in monastic life.
- Bhikkhu: After completing your preparation, the samanera can receive full ordination, assuming the 227 precepts (in the Theravāda tradition).
Bhikkhus play a vital role in preserving and transmitting the Buddha's teachings. Through his practice and exemplary conduct, serve as spiritual guides and as a source of inspiration for the lay community, which in turn supports the Sangha through donations (danish).
The relationship between the bhikkhus and the laity is one of interdependence: monks offer teaching and guidance, while lay people provide material support. This link reflects one of the essential principles of Buddhism: the harmony and cooperation within the community for mutual benefit and spiritual growth.